The blood pressure

Simply we can say the pressure of the blood within the arteries is known as blood pressure. It is produced primarily by the contraction of the heart muscle. Blood pressure is the result of the heart qu'insuffle pressure by pushing the blood and the resistance of the vessel wall. Blood pressure is an important metric to evaluate the cardiac and circulatory functions. It changes from a variety of disorders. These include cardiac, renal and endocrine disorders. And acute conditions such as infections may be accompanied by a temporary change in blood pressure.

We can understand it with the help of a example: just suppose, setting a pump at the end of a pipe and which is sent a fluid under pressure, depending on the nature of the pipe, the pressure will not be the same on the inside. If the pipe is rigid, the pressure will be high and the liquid will pass very quickly, but with turbulence. If the pipe is elastic, the pressure will be less useful to push because the pipe will expand a little and let more liquid, just about as much flow. Turbulence will be offset by the elastic walls of the vessel. If the hose is too soft, it will expand greatly, it will become too big for the flow, turbulence will again appear. The flow will be poor areas with stagnant liquid.

In the body, the heart attempts to ensure a flow. He must find a useful function of pressure vessel elasticity. With rigid vessels, small caliber narrowed because it will force pushing hard and will wear prematurely. With vessels too soft, it will have to beat faster as incapable of providing a pressure in these vessels. In addition, because of stagnation, there will be a tendency to clot and therefore embolism. This is the problem of varicose veins and states of shock or blood volume can no longer perform under pressure arteries.

With normal elastic arteries, the heart will not have to push too hard or too fast beat. He does not get tired. Blood pressure gives two figures, the maxima and minima or the systolic (contraction of the heart and diastolic (relaxation of the heart).

When the heart grows, the maximum voltage that can give to overcome an obstacle, the blood pressure cuff inflated, is given by the systolic, then it creates turbulence as the passage for the blood is insufficient. The cuff is deflated, the flow is reduced and turbulence disappear, the flow is laminar, it is called diastolic pressure. The stethoscope, the systolic corresponds to the phase or the blood arrives to overcome the resistance of the cuff means turbulence in the form of the shock wave of the heartbeat. The diastolic a lower voltage which corresponds to flow without turbulence passing under the cuff, a stethoscope, the sounds of shock wave pulse disappeared, which is not to say that the blood does not circulate, but it starts seriously slow.

Schematically systolic must be less than 16 and the diastolic must be less than half of 15 plus 1 point. In practice, apart from any illness (fever, diarrhea, shock ...) more voltage, the lower the life expectancy is high. For diastolic, the important thing is not whether half of the systolic plus 1 point, but there is a wide gap between systolic and diastolic, as it is this difference that allows large flow and therefore perfusion of the body tissues.